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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright 2014 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. """Media helper functions and classes for Google Cloud Storage JSON API.""" from __future__ import absolute_import from __future__ import print_function from __future__ import division from __future__ import unicode_literals import copy import logging import re import socket import types import six from six.moves import http_client from six.moves import urllib from six.moves import cStringIO from apitools.base.py import exceptions as apitools_exceptions from gslib.cloud_api import BadRequestException from gslib.lazy_wrapper import LazyWrapper from gslib.progress_callback import ProgressCallbackWithTimeout from gslib.utils.constants import DEBUGLEVEL_DUMP_REQUESTS from gslib.utils.constants import SSL_TIMEOUT_SEC from gslib.utils.constants import TRANSFER_BUFFER_SIZE from gslib.utils.constants import UTF8 from gslib.utils import text_util import httplib2 from httplib2 import parse_uri if six.PY3: long = int # A regex for matching any series of decimal digits. DECIMAL_REGEX = LazyWrapper(lambda: (re.compile(r'\d+'))) class BytesTransferredContainer(object): """Container class for passing number of bytes transferred to lower layers. For resumed transfers or connection rebuilds in the middle of a transfer, we need to rebuild the connection class with how much we've transferred so far. For uploads, we don't know the total number of bytes uploaded until we've queried the server, but we need to create the connection class to pass to httplib2 before we can query the server. This container object allows us to pass a reference into Upload/DownloadCallbackConnection. """ def __init__(self): self.__bytes_transferred = 0 @property def bytes_transferred(self): return self.__bytes_transferred @bytes_transferred.setter def bytes_transferred(self, value): self.__bytes_transferred = value class UploadCallbackConnectionClassFactory(object): """Creates a class that can override an httplib2 connection. This is used to provide progress callbacks and disable dumping the upload payload during debug statements. It can later be used to provide on-the-fly hash digestion during upload. """ def __init__(self, bytes_uploaded_container, buffer_size=TRANSFER_BUFFER_SIZE, total_size=0, progress_callback=None, logger=None, debug=0): self.bytes_uploaded_container = bytes_uploaded_container self.buffer_size = buffer_size self.total_size = total_size self.progress_callback = progress_callback self.logger = logger self.debug = debug def GetConnectionClass(self): """Returns a connection class that overrides send.""" outer_bytes_uploaded_container = self.bytes_uploaded_container outer_buffer_size = self.buffer_size outer_total_size = self.total_size outer_progress_callback = self.progress_callback outer_logger = self.logger outer_debug = self.debug class UploadCallbackConnection(httplib2.HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout): """Connection class override for uploads.""" bytes_uploaded_container = outer_bytes_uploaded_container # After we instantiate this class, apitools will check with the server # to find out how many bytes remain for a resumable upload. This allows # us to update our progress once based on that number. processed_initial_bytes = False GCS_JSON_BUFFER_SIZE = outer_buffer_size callback_processor = None size = outer_total_size header_encoding = '' header_length = None header_range = None size_modifier = 1.0 def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): kwargs['timeout'] = SSL_TIMEOUT_SEC httplib2.HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) # Override httplib.HTTPConnection._send_output for debug logging. # Because the distinction between headers and message body occurs # only in this httplib function, we can only differentiate them here. def _send_output(self, message_body=None, encode_chunked=False): r"""Send the currently buffered request and clear the buffer. Appends an extra \r\n to the buffer. Args: message_body: if specified, this is appended to the request. """ # TODO: Presently, apitools will set http2lib2.debuglevel to 0 # (no prints) or 4 (dump upload payload, httplib prints to stdout). # Refactor to allow our media-handling functions to handle # debuglevel == 4 and print messages to stderr. self._buffer.extend((b'', b'')) if six.PY2: items = self._buffer else: items = [] for item in self._buffer: if isinstance(item, bytes): items.append(item) else: items.append(item.encode(UTF8)) msg = b'\r\n'.join(items) num_metadata_bytes = len(msg) if outer_debug == DEBUGLEVEL_DUMP_REQUESTS and outer_logger: outer_logger.debug('send: %s' % msg) del self._buffer[:] # If msg and message_body are sent in a single send() call, # it will avoid performance problems caused by the interaction # between delayed ack and the Nagle algorithm. if isinstance(message_body, str): msg += message_body message_body = None self.send(msg, num_metadata_bytes=num_metadata_bytes) if message_body is not None: # message_body was not a string (i.e. it is a file) and # we must run the risk of Nagle self.send(message_body) def putheader(self, header, *values): """Overrides HTTPConnection.putheader. Send a request header line to the server. For example: h.putheader('Accept', 'text/html'). This override records the content encoding, length, and range of the payload. For uploads where the content-range difference does not match the content-length, progress printing will under-report progress. These headers are used to calculate a multiplier to correct the progress. For example: the content-length for gzip transport encoded data represents the compressed size of the data while the content-range difference represents the uncompressed size. Dividing the content-range difference by the content-length gives the ratio to multiply the progress by to correctly report the relative progress. Args: header: The header. *values: A set of values for the header. """ if header == 'content-encoding': value = ''.join([str(v) for v in values]) self.header_encoding = value if outer_debug == DEBUGLEVEL_DUMP_REQUESTS and outer_logger: outer_logger.debug( 'send: Using gzip transport encoding for the request.') elif header == 'content-length': try: value = int(''.join([str(v) for v in values])) self.header_length = value except ValueError: pass elif header == 'content-range': try: # There are 3 valid header formats: # '*/%d', '%d-%d/*', and '%d-%d/%d' value = ''.join([str(v) for v in values]) ranges = DECIMAL_REGEX().findall(value) # If there are 2 or more range values, they will always # correspond to the start and end ranges in the header. if len(ranges) > 1: # Subtract the end position from the start position. self.header_range = (int(ranges[1]) - int(ranges[0])) + 1 except ValueError: pass # If the content header is gzip, and a range and length are set, # update the modifier. if (self.header_encoding == 'gzip' and self.header_length and self.header_range): # Update the modifier self.size_modifier = self.header_range / float(self.header_length) # Reset the headers self.header_encoding = '' self.header_length = None self.header_range = None # Log debug information to catch in tests. if outer_debug == DEBUGLEVEL_DUMP_REQUESTS and outer_logger: outer_logger.debug('send: Setting progress modifier to %s.' % (self.size_modifier)) # Propagate header values. http_client.HTTPSConnection.putheader(self, header, *values) def send(self, data, num_metadata_bytes=0): """Overrides HTTPConnection.send. Args: data: string or file-like object (implements read()) of data to send. num_metadata_bytes: number of bytes that consist of metadata (headers, etc.) not representing the data being uploaded. """ if not self.processed_initial_bytes: self.processed_initial_bytes = True if outer_progress_callback: self.callback_processor = ProgressCallbackWithTimeout( outer_total_size, outer_progress_callback) self.callback_processor.Progress( self.bytes_uploaded_container.bytes_transferred) # httplib.HTTPConnection.send accepts either a string or a file-like # object (anything that implements read()). if isinstance(data, six.text_type): full_buffer = cStringIO(data) elif isinstance(data, six.binary_type): full_buffer = six.BytesIO(data) else: full_buffer = data partial_buffer = full_buffer.read(self.GCS_JSON_BUFFER_SIZE) while partial_buffer: if six.PY2: httplib2.HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout.send(self, partial_buffer) else: if isinstance(partial_buffer, bytes): httplib2.HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout.send(self, partial_buffer) else: httplib2.HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout.send( self, partial_buffer.encode(UTF8)) sent_data_bytes = len(partial_buffer) if num_metadata_bytes: if num_metadata_bytes <= sent_data_bytes: sent_data_bytes -= num_metadata_bytes num_metadata_bytes = 0 else: num_metadata_bytes -= sent_data_bytes sent_data_bytes = 0 if self.callback_processor: # Modify the sent data bytes by the size modifier. These are # stored as floats, so the result should be floored. sent_data_bytes = int(sent_data_bytes * self.size_modifier) # TODO: We can't differentiate the multipart upload # metadata in the request body from the actual upload bytes, so we # will actually report slightly more bytes than desired to the # callback handler. Get the number of multipart upload metadata # bytes from apitools and subtract from sent_data_bytes. self.callback_processor.Progress(sent_data_bytes) partial_buffer = full_buffer.read(self.GCS_JSON_BUFFER_SIZE) return UploadCallbackConnection def WrapUploadHttpRequest(upload_http): """Wraps upload_http so we only use our custom connection_type on PUTs. POSTs are used to refresh oauth tokens, and we don't want to process the data sent in those requests. Args: upload_http: httplib2.Http instance to wrap """ request_orig = upload_http.request def NewRequest(uri, method='GET', body=None, headers=None, redirections=httplib2.DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS, connection_type=None): if method == 'PUT' or method == 'POST': override_connection_type = connection_type else: override_connection_type = None return request_orig(uri, method=method, body=body, headers=headers, redirections=redirections, connection_type=override_connection_type) # Replace the request method with our own closure. upload_http.request = NewRequest class DownloadCallbackConnectionClassFactory(object): """Creates a class that can override an httplib2 connection. This is used to provide progress callbacks, disable dumping the download payload during debug statements, and provide on-the-fly hash digestion during download. On-the-fly digestion is particularly important because httplib2 will decompress gzipped content on-the-fly, thus this class provides our only opportunity to calculate the correct hash for an object that has a gzip hash in the cloud. """ def __init__(self, bytes_downloaded_container, buffer_size=TRANSFER_BUFFER_SIZE, total_size=0, progress_callback=None, digesters=None): self.buffer_size = buffer_size self.total_size = total_size self.progress_callback = progress_callback self.digesters = digesters self.bytes_downloaded_container = bytes_downloaded_container def GetConnectionClass(self): """Returns a connection class that overrides getresponse.""" class DownloadCallbackConnection(httplib2.HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout): """Connection class override for downloads.""" outer_total_size = self.total_size outer_digesters = self.digesters outer_progress_callback = self.progress_callback outer_bytes_downloaded_container = self.bytes_downloaded_container processed_initial_bytes = False callback_processor = None def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): kwargs['timeout'] = SSL_TIMEOUT_SEC httplib2.HTTPSConnectionWithTimeout.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) def getresponse(self, buffering=False): """Wraps an HTTPResponse to perform callbacks and hashing. In this function, self is a DownloadCallbackConnection. Args: buffering: Unused. This function uses a local buffer. Returns: HTTPResponse object with wrapped read function. """ orig_response = http_client.HTTPConnection.getresponse(self) if orig_response.status not in (http_client.OK, http_client.PARTIAL_CONTENT): return orig_response orig_read_func = orig_response.read def read(amt=None): # pylint: disable=invalid-name """Overrides HTTPConnection.getresponse.read. This function only supports reads of TRANSFER_BUFFER_SIZE or smaller. Args: amt: Integer n where 0 < n <= TRANSFER_BUFFER_SIZE. This is a keyword argument to match the read function it overrides, but it is required. Returns: Data read from HTTPConnection. """ if not amt or amt > TRANSFER_BUFFER_SIZE: raise BadRequestException( 'Invalid HTTP read size %s during download, expected %s.' % (amt, TRANSFER_BUFFER_SIZE)) else: amt = amt or TRANSFER_BUFFER_SIZE if not self.processed_initial_bytes: self.processed_initial_bytes = True if self.outer_progress_callback: self.callback_processor = ProgressCallbackWithTimeout( self.outer_total_size, self.outer_progress_callback) self.callback_processor.Progress( self.outer_bytes_downloaded_container.bytes_transferred) data = orig_read_func(amt) read_length = len(data) if self.callback_processor: self.callback_processor.Progress(read_length) if self.outer_digesters: for alg in self.outer_digesters: self.outer_digesters[alg].update(data) return data orig_response.read = read return orig_response return DownloadCallbackConnection def WrapDownloadHttpRequest(download_http): """Overrides download request functions for an httplib2.Http object. Args: download_http: httplib2.Http.object to wrap / override. Returns: Wrapped / overridden httplib2.Http object. """ # httplib2 has a bug (https://github.com/httplib2/httplib2/issues/75) where # custom connection_type is not respected after redirects. This function is # copied from httplib2 and overrides the request function so that the # connection_type is properly passed through (everything here should be # identical to the _request method in httplib2, with the exception of the line # below marked by the "BUGFIX" comment). # pylint: disable=protected-access,g-inconsistent-quotes,unused-variable # pylint: disable=g-equals-none,g-doc-return-or-yield # pylint: disable=g-short-docstring-punctuation,g-doc-args # pylint: disable=too-many-statements # yapf: disable def OverrideRequest(self, conn, host, absolute_uri, request_uri, method, body, headers, redirections, cachekey): """Do the actual request using the connection object. Also follow one level of redirects if necessary. """ auths = ([(auth.depth(request_uri), auth) for auth in self.authorizations if auth.inscope(host, request_uri)]) auth = auths and sorted(auths)[0][1] or None if auth: auth.request(method, request_uri, headers, body) (response, content) = self._conn_request(conn, request_uri, method, body, headers) if auth: if auth.response(response, body): auth.request(method, request_uri, headers, body) (response, content) = self._conn_request(conn, request_uri, method, body, headers) response._stale_digest = 1 if response.status == 401: for authorization in self._auth_from_challenge( host, request_uri, headers, response, content): authorization.request(method, request_uri, headers, body) (response, content) = self._conn_request(conn, request_uri, method, body, headers) if response.status != 401: self.authorizations.append(authorization) authorization.response(response, body) break if (self.follow_all_redirects or (method in ["GET", "HEAD"]) or response.status == 303): if self.follow_redirects and response.status in [300, 301, 302, 303, 307]: # Pick out the location header and basically start from the beginning # remembering first to strip the ETag header and decrement our 'depth' if redirections: if 'location' not in response and response.status != 300: raise httplib2.RedirectMissingLocation( "Redirected but the response is missing a Location: header.", response, content) # Fix-up relative redirects (which violate an RFC 2616 MUST) if 'location' in response: location = response['location'] (scheme, authority, path, query, fragment) = parse_uri(location) if authority is None: response['location'] = urllib.parse.urljoin(absolute_uri, location) if response.status == 301 and method in ["GET", "HEAD"]: response['-x-permanent-redirect-url'] = response['location'] if 'content-location' not in response: response['content-location'] = absolute_uri httplib2._updateCache(headers, response, content, self.cache, cachekey) if 'if-none-match' in headers: del headers['if-none-match'] if 'if-modified-since' in headers: del headers['if-modified-since'] if ('authorization' in headers and not self.forward_authorization_headers): del headers['authorization'] if 'location' in response: location = response['location'] old_response = copy.deepcopy(response) if 'content-location' not in old_response: old_response['content-location'] = absolute_uri redirect_method = method if response.status in [302, 303]: redirect_method = "GET" body = None (response, content) = self.request( location, redirect_method, body=body, headers=headers, redirections=redirections-1, # BUGFIX (see comments at the top of this function): connection_type=conn.__class__) response.previous = old_response else: raise httplib2.RedirectLimit( "Redirected more times than redirection_limit allows.", response, content) elif response.status in [200, 203] and method in ["GET", "HEAD"]: # Don't cache 206's since we aren't going to handle byte range # requests if 'content-location' in response: response['content-location'] = absolute_uri httplib2._updateCache(headers, response, content, self.cache, cachekey) return (response, content) # Wrap download_http so we do not use our custom connection_type # on POSTS, which are used to refresh oauth tokens. We don't want to # process the data received in those requests. request_orig = download_http.request def NewRequest(uri, method='GET', body=None, headers=None, redirections=httplib2.DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS, connection_type=None): if method == 'POST': return request_orig(uri, method=method, body=body, headers=headers, redirections=redirections, connection_type=None) else: return request_orig(uri, method=method, body=body, headers=headers, redirections=redirections, connection_type=connection_type) # Replace the request methods with our own closures. download_http._request = types.MethodType(OverrideRequest, download_http) download_http.request = NewRequest return download_http class HttpWithNoRetries(httplib2.Http): """httplib2.Http variant that does not retry. httplib2 automatically retries requests according to httplib2.RETRIES, but in certain cases httplib2 ignores the RETRIES value and forces a retry. Because httplib2 does not handle the case where the underlying request body is a stream, a retry may cause a non-idempotent write as the stream is partially consumed and not reset before the retry occurs. Here we override _conn_request to disable retries unequivocally, so that uploads may be retried at higher layers that properly handle stream request bodies. """ def _conn_request(self, conn, request_uri, method, body, headers): # pylint: disable=too-many-statements try: if hasattr(conn, 'sock') and conn.sock is None: conn.connect() conn.request(method, request_uri, body, headers) except socket.timeout: raise except socket.gaierror: conn.close() raise httplib2.ServerNotFoundError('Unable to find the server at %s' % conn.host) except httplib2.ssl.SSLError: conn.close() raise except socket.error as e: err = 0 if hasattr(e, 'args'): err = getattr(e, 'args')[0] else: err = e.errno if err == httplib2.errno.ECONNREFUSED: # Connection refused raise except http_client.HTTPException: conn.close() raise try: response = conn.getresponse() except (socket.error, http_client.HTTPException): conn.close() raise else: content = '' if method == 'HEAD': conn.close() else: content = response.read() response = httplib2.Response(response) if method != 'HEAD': # pylint: disable=protected-access content = httplib2._decompressContent(response, content) return (response, content) class HttpWithDownloadStream(httplib2.Http): """httplib2.Http variant that only pushes bytes through a stream. httplib2 handles media by storing entire chunks of responses in memory, which is undesirable particularly when multiple instances are used during multi-threaded/multi-process copy. This class copies and then overrides some httplib2 functions to use a streaming copy approach that uses small memory buffers. Also disables httplib2 retries (for reasons stated in the HttpWithNoRetries class doc). """ def __init__(self, *args, **kwds): self._stream = None self._logger = logging.getLogger() super(HttpWithDownloadStream, self).__init__(*args, **kwds) @property def stream(self): return self._stream @stream.setter def stream(self, value): self._stream = value # pylint: disable=too-many-statements def _conn_request(self, conn, request_uri, method, body, headers): try: if hasattr(conn, 'sock') and conn.sock is None: conn.connect() conn.request(method, request_uri, body, headers) except socket.timeout: raise except socket.gaierror: conn.close() raise httplib2.ServerNotFoundError('Unable to find the server at %s' % conn.host) except httplib2.ssl.SSLError: conn.close() raise except socket.error as e: err = 0 if hasattr(e, 'args'): err = getattr(e, 'args')[0] else: err = e.errno if err == httplib2.errno.ECONNREFUSED: # Connection refused raise except http_client.HTTPException: # Just because the server closed the connection doesn't apparently mean # that the server didn't send a response. conn.close() raise try: response = conn.getresponse() except (socket.error, http_client.HTTPException) as e: conn.close() raise else: content = '' if method == 'HEAD': conn.close() response = httplib2.Response(response) elif method == 'GET' and response.status in (http_client.OK, http_client.PARTIAL_CONTENT): content_length = None if hasattr(response, 'msg'): content_length = response.getheader('content-length') http_stream = response bytes_read = 0 while True: new_data = http_stream.read(TRANSFER_BUFFER_SIZE) if new_data: if self.stream is None: raise apitools_exceptions.InvalidUserInputError( 'Cannot exercise HttpWithDownloadStream with no stream') text_util.write_to_fd(self.stream, new_data) bytes_read += len(new_data) else: break if (content_length is not None and long(bytes_read) != long(content_length)): # The input stream terminated before we were able to read the # entire contents, possibly due to a network condition. Set # content-length to indicate how many bytes we actually read. self._logger.log( logging.DEBUG, 'Only got %s bytes out of content-length %s ' 'for request URI %s. Resetting content-length to match ' 'bytes read.', bytes_read, content_length, request_uri) # Failing to delete existing headers before setting new values results # in the header being set twice, see https://docs.python.org/3/library/email.compat32-message.html#email.message.Message.__setitem__. # This trips apitools up when executing a retry, so the line below is # essential: del response.msg['content-length'] response.msg['content-length'] = str(bytes_read) response = httplib2.Response(response) else: # We fall back to the current httplib2 behavior if we're # not processing download bytes, e.g., it's a redirect, an # oauth2client POST to refresh an access token, or any HTTP # status code that doesn't include object content. content = response.read() response = httplib2.Response(response) # pylint: disable=protected-access content = httplib2._decompressContent(response, content) return (response, content) # pylint: enable=too-many-statements